Carbmee's blog on corporate climate action, scope 1, 2, 3, Scope 3.1 emission calculation, and ESG reporting.

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Masterclass : Carbontology
Build a Flexible Data Model for Scope 3,  Circularity, Carbon Pricing, Waste & More

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) is a new law aimed at reducing the EU’s role in global deforestation and forest degradation. Coming into force on 30 December 2024, it applies to companies placing specific products on the EU market or exporting them from it.

Seven high-risk commodities fall under the regulation:

It also includes a broad range of derived products, such as chocolate, leather, furniture, books, and packaging materials.

To comply, companies must ensure that their products are:

Deforestation-free, based on land use after 31 December 2020

Legally produced, according to local laws in the country of origin

Accompanied by a Due Diligence Statement (DDS), which must include verifiable geolocation data for the plots where commodities were produced (European Commission)

From 30 December 2025, enforcement begins in full — at which point companies must prove that all relevant products meet these criteria (White & Case).

Deforestation is responsible for about 11% of global greenhouse gas emissions — more than the emissions of all global passenger vehicles combined. Forests are essential carbon sinks, and their destruction severely undermines efforts to limit global warming.

For manufacturers committed to net-zero targets or ESG reporting under frameworks like CSRD, eliminating deforestation from supply chains isn’t optional — it’s essential. EUDR compliance directly supports science-based emissions reduction targets and long-term climate resilience.

The EUDR applies to all companies — large and small — that operate in or trade with the EU and handle regulated commodities. It makes no difference whether you are:

Exporting out of the EU to other markets.

The regulation has significant implications for manufacturing companies in sectors such as:

Food & Beverage (e.g., chocolate, coffee, dairy, meat),

Packaging and Paper (e.g., cartons, print products),

Automotive and Transport (e.g., leather or rubber components),

Chemicals and Consumer Goods (e.g., palm oil-based ingredients in cleaning or cosmetic products).

Whether you're at the top of the supply chain or closer to the consumer, if your products contain any EUDR-listed raw materials, you're in scope.

Sustainability – accountable for environmental performance and ESG reporting

Procurement – responsible for due diligence, supplier engagement, and risk data

Supply Chain – tasked with traceability, logistics, and supplier relationships

Legal & Compliance – ensuring regulatory alignment and handling enforcement risk

Executive Leadership – owning strategy, risk, investor relations, and growth

The EUDR touches virtually every department in companies with global value chains — and is especially relevant in manufacturing industries that rely on agricultural, forest-based, or natural raw materials. According to industry estimates, the regulation impacts trillions of euros in trade across these sectors

The EUDR is legally binding and backed by serious enforcement powers. Non-compliance isn’t just a reputational issue — it’s a direct business risk.

Companies may face fines of up to 4% of their annual EU turnover, as well as product confiscation and permanent exclusion from the EU market (Deloitte). These penalties apply not only to products linked to deforestation, but also to failures in documentation — such as missing or incorrect DDS filings.

Authorities have the power to block shipments at the border. Even a single non-compliant farm plot can result in an entire container or batch being denied entry — a risk made real by findings that 2% of farm plots show signs of deforestation and 1% have legality issues.

For manufacturers with just-in-time supply chains, blocked shipments can lead to factory downtime, missed orders, and broken SLAs. The risk is particularly high in commodity-dependent sectors like cocoa, soy, and palm oil.

While the cost of compliance is manageable, it is not negligible. For large companies, EUDR implementation is expected to cost around 0.1% of revenue and 1.45% of operating profit. For SMEs, this rises to 0.17% of revenue. Early investment in systems and supplier collaboration will reduce long-term costs and risks.

Plot-level geolocation and legality verification cannot be retrofitted overnight. Supply chain mapping, particularly in tier 2–3 regions, requires early and sustained supplier engagement.

Last-minute preparation could lead to shipment blocks, supply shortages, and customer dissatisfaction — particularly for EU-bound production runs and critical components.

Demonstrating compliance early will not only reduce risk, but strengthen supplier relationships and enhance brand equity with environmentally conscious consumers and investors.

1. Conduct a Risk-Based Supply Chain Assessment

Identify which commodities and suppliers are in scope

Map out geographies with known deforestation or legal compliance risks

Begin collecting required documentation and geolocation data

Use technology such as GIS, satellite imaging, or blockchain to track commodity origins

Integrate with procurement and ERP systems for real-time verification

Create cross-functional governance involving Legal, Sustainability, Procurement, and Supply Chain

Appoint EUDR leads to own the transition roadmap and reporting

4 important steps companies must take now

The EUDR is not just a compliance problem — it is a strategic priority that intersects with revenue protection, risk management, and ESG leadership.

With up to 4% of EU turnover at risk and the possibility of exclusion from one of the world’s largest markets, EUDR demands board-level attention.

Institutional investors and regulators now expect companies to demonstrate climate and nature-related risk mitigation — including deforestation.

Failure to adapt now could result in raw material shortages, operational standstills, and long-term competitive disadvantage.

EUDR compliance positions your brand as a responsible, forward-looking leader — a critical asset in stakeholder-driven markets.

The EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) is set to reshape global trade and supply chain practices — and it’s approaching fast. For manufacturing companies operating in or trading with the EU, it marks a regulatory shift with significant operational, reputational, and financial implications.

This guide outlines what EUDR is, who’s affected, what’s at stake, and what your organization should be doing right now to prepare.

EUDR – What It Means, Who Is Affected, and Why You Must Act 

Most carbon accounting platforms take a rigid approach: pre-set fields, fixed templates, and a universal model that struggles to capture the complexity of real-world operations, especially for companies with complex supply chains. But carbon management is not one-size-fits-all.

Whether you’re tracking the share of renewable energy at specific manufacturing sites or mapping the repairability score of every product in your portfolio, your business needs ESG data that mirrors your operations—not the other way around.

Custom Properties is a major leap forward for our customers. It gives them the power to adapt their carbon models to the exact realities of their operations—no compromises, no workarounds. This feature was born directly from the needs of our users, who told us they needed more flexibility to stay ahead of regulations, integrate internal systems, and track the metrics that matter most. With Custom Properties, we’re delivering a capability that can solve virtually any ESG data challenge—especially the complex, dynamic demands of managing supply chain emissions and performance. Carbontology starts now

 — Robin Spickers, Co-Founder of carbmee

Track Recycled Content Percentage to support circular economy metrics and demonstrate material reuse in products.


Measure Waste Recovery Rate and Product End-of-Life Treatment to fulfill CSRD & ESRS reporting requirements and align with regulatory sustainability disclosures.


Assess Supplier Carbon Scores to manage Scope 3 emissions and drive decarbonization efforts across the value chain.

Integrate ERP Material Codes to directly link product-level carbon data with enterprise systems for streamlined reporting and traceability.


Analyze Share of Renewable Energy by site, region, or product line to evaluate decarbonization progress and inform energy procurement strategies.

Implement a Repairability Score to enhance product lifecycle analysis and improve circularity and customer value.


Apply Carbon Pricing Models to evaluate emissions cost exposure, improve risk management, and gain a competitive edge through carbon efficiency.


Embed Ecodesign Principles into product development to reduce environmental impact, comply with regulations, and unlock sustainable innovation.

Use Marginal Cost Abatement Curves to identify and prioritize low-cost emissions reduction opportunities with maximum return on investment.

Organizations that excel at ESG data management don’t just report more—they act faster, reduce costs, and outperform peers. McKinsey reports that companies with strong ESG credentials cut costs by 5–10%, largely through operational efficiency, better resource use, and waste reduction. The key enabler? Deep, accurate data.


Meanwhile, a World Economic Council report shows that over 70% of companies cite data fragmentation as a major barrier to ESG progress. It’s not that the data isn’t there—it’s that businesses can’t consolidate or contextualize it effectively. This is where Custom Properties delivers unmatched strategic value.

By allowing teams to map internal KPIs and external requirements directly into carbmee’s platform, companies gain a unified, coherent data model that grows with them. This not only saves hours—sometimes days—of manual work per reporting cycle but also unlocks cross-functional clarity between sustainability, procurement, finance, and operations.

Why Customization Matters: The Strategic Value of Data

The sustainability reporting landscape is shifting rapidly. The EU’s CSRD and ESRS regulations alone introduce dozens of new mandatory disclosure points. Add to that voluntary frameworks like TCFD, ISSB, or sector-specific guidelines, and suddenly a fixed reporting model simply can’t keep up.

With Custom Properties, carbmee equips your team to respond in real time. Need to add a new field to align with an emerging regulation? Done. Want to track a unique decarbonization metric for internal dashboards? Add it in seconds. The system adapts as your needs evolve.

 Real-Time Flexibility Meets Future-Proof Reporting

Here’s what’s possible when you build your data model around your business:

Faster, smoother ESG reporting: Save significant time by auto-populating carbon models with exactly the data you need—no cleaning, no duplication, no guesswork.

Better collaboration: With shared, customized data fields, teams across departments speak the same language—accelerating workflows and reducing friction.

Clearer insights: By capturing the nuances of your operations, your sustainability reports become more than compliance checklists—they become strategic tools for decision-making.

Reduced risk: Flexible data fields allow you to respond quickly to regulatory changes, ensuring you stay ahead of ESG disclosure requirements.

According to Gartner, by 2026, 70% of organizations will use ESG reporting software as part of their digital strategy. But only those with customizable, scalable platforms will be positioned to derive real strategic value.

 A Smarter Data Model = A Smarter Organization

At carbmee, we believe flexibility should empower—not overwhelm. That’s why Custom Properties are intuitive by design. Add new fields from a simple interface, assign them to any object in the system (like sites, suppliers, products, or materials), and instantly make them available for calculations, dashboards, or exports.

Whether you're a sustainability lead embedding climate metrics across your business or an IT manager integrating with internal systems, Custom Properties offer a smarter, more scalable way to manage ESG data.

Custom Properties are available today—at no additional cost—for all users of the carbmee Environmental Intelligence System (EIS). No hidden fees. No limits. Just the freedom to make your carbon model reflect the full complexity of your business.

Because no two businesses are alike, and your carbon software should know that.

Available Now. Free for All carbmee EIS Users.

In today’s climate-driven economy, sustainability isn’t a side project—it’s a core business function. And yet, nearly half of all sustainability decision-makers (47%, according to the carbmee Sustainability Intelligence Report) identify data availability as their single greatest challenge. That’s why we're proud to launch Custom Properties: the industry’s most powerful new tool to make carbon data as dynamic, detailed, and adaptable as your business.

With Custom Properties, carbmee becomes the first carbon management platform to let you data model to your exact operational, regulatory, and reporting needs—without workarounds, without compromise. That’s what we call carbontology.

Unlock Precision Carbon Modeling: Custom Properties for Every Metric, Every Team, Every Regulation

Sustainability is no longer just a corporate aspiration—it’s a business imperative. But as the Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025 by Carbmee reveals, a striking gap remains between corporate sustainability commitments and the ability to operationalize them effectively. Businesses worldwide are facing increasing pressure from regulators, investors, and consumers to take action, but many still struggle with execution due to data limitations, technological barriers, and financial constraints.

According to Carbmee’s research, 67% of organizations rate their sustainability commitment as high or very high. However, 47% struggle due to a lack of clear data and technology, and 28% cite insufficient digital infrastructure as a major obstacle. The challenge lies not in setting ambitious targets but in implementing effective strategies to meet them.

A recent McKinsey & Company report echoes this concern, highlighting that while 83% of C-suite executives recognize sustainability as a value driver, only 33% believe their organizations have the data and tools to measure and execute sustainable initiatives effectively.

Additionally, a 2024 Gartner survey found that 42% of organizations lack the expertise to integrate sustainability into their business strategy effectively, underscoring the importance of investing in digital tools and sustainability training. (Source)

Governments and regulatory bodies worldwide are intensifying environmental policies. According to Carbmee’s report, 58% of organizations cite regulatory pressure as a primary driver for sustainability action. The European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)’s proposed climate disclosure rules are forcing businesses to become more transparent in reporting emissions and supply chain sustainability.

A recent PwC study found that 79% of investors demand increased climate risk disclosure, reinforcing the need for companies to align with emerging regulations.

Discover how leading companies are overcoming these challenges and turning sustainability into a competitive advantage. Download the Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025 

The Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025 

Download Today: The Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025 

Technology is rapidly emerging as a solution to bridge the gap between commitment and execution. Carbmee’s research highlights that 50% of organizations prioritize supply chain transparency platforms, and 41% view carbon management tools as critical to their sustainability goals.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a pivotal role in this transformation. AI-driven tools can:

Enhance emissions tracking: AI enables real-time carbon footprint measurement, ensuring more accurate sustainability reporting.

Improve supply chain transparency: By leveraging predictive analytics, businesses can mitigate risks and identify sustainable sourcing opportunities.

Optimize energy and resource management: AI models help companies analyze energy consumption patterns, reducing waste and improving efficiency.

A Gartner report predicts that by 2027, 60% of companies will use AI-driven sustainability tools to meet compliance and efficiency demands. 

Beyond compliance, sustainability presents a significant financial opportunity. Carbmee’s study found that 36% of organizations recognize cost savings as a key motivator, while 45% view sustainability as a competitive advantage. Research by Deloitte supports this, showing that companies integrating sustainability into their core business strategy experience higher long-term profitability and increased customer loyalty.

Furthermore, a CDP report found that businesses investing in decarbonization initiatives saw an average ROI of 27% over five years. This suggests that sustainability efforts are not just ethical imperatives but also strong financial strategies.

Sustainability is a growing concern for businesses, but procurement teams face unique challenges in balancing cost efficiency with environmental goals. As highlighted in the Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025, 60% of organizations cite financial constraints as the biggest hurdle, while 47% lack clear data and 32% lack sufficient technology to implement effective sustainability initiatives.

The procurement sector, traditionally focused on cost and quality management, is now being called upon to drive sustainability in sourcing and supplier relationships. However, many procurement leaders are asking, “Where do we get the data, and how can we use it to advance sustainability?”

The collaboration between Carbmee and JAGGAER provides a solution. By integrating sustainability data into procurement workflows, organizations can align cost-saving strategies with climate action:

Enrich spend analytics with ESG-related data, including greenhouse gas emissions and supply chain risk assessments.

Define sourcing strategies that prioritize suppliers with lower carbon footprints.

Enhance supply chain visibility, addressing the 53% of organizations that identified supply chain complexity as a challenge.

Automate compliance and reporting, ensuring that sustainability goals are factored into procurement decisions from the outset.

By integrating JAGGAER’s source-to-pay technology with Carbmee’s carbon management solutions, companies can measure and communicate product carbon footprints, manage Scope 3 emissions, and establish net-zero supply chain strategies.

Expert Insights: Procurement’s Role in Sustainability

Join us for an exclusive Carbmee - JAGGAER webinar walkthrough of the Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025, where we unpack the biggest gaps between ambition and action, and explore how leading companies are leveraging AI, regulation, and ROI to drive real progress.


Don’t miss the chance to learn how industry leaders are turning sustainability into a strategic advantage. Save your spot & get early access to the full report!

Webinar: Walkthrough the Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025 

Organizations can no longer afford to delay sustainability implementation. To bridge the action gap, companies must:

Invest in Data & AI Solutions: Advanced analytics and AI-driven platforms can transform sustainability goals into measurable actions.

Align Sustainability with Business Strategy: Prioritizing sustainability within financial and operational decision-making ensures long-term impact.

Stay Ahead of Regulatory Changes: Proactively adapting to emerging environmental policies reduces compliance risks and enhances brand credibility.

Enhance Cross-Department Collaboration: Sustainability should not be siloed in corporate social responsibility (CSR) teams. Procurement, finance, operations, and supply chain management all play crucial roles.

Educate and Train Employees: Companies that invest in sustainability literacy see higher engagement and better execution of ESG strategies.

Bridging the Gap: Next Steps for Businesses

The sustainability transformation is underway, but the gap between commitment and execution remains a critical challenge. With AI-powered technology and stringent climate regulations reshaping corporate priorities, businesses that embrace data-driven sustainability strategies will gain a competitive edge.

Sustainability is not just about compliance—it is about long-term value creation, risk mitigation, and future-proofing businesses against climate challenges. Companies that take proactive steps now will position themselves as leaders in the transition to a low-carbon economy.

To gain deeper insights and actionable strategies, download the full Sustainability Intelligence Report 2025.

Closing the Sustainability Action Gap

How AI and Climate Legislation Are Shaping the Net-Zero Future

Closing the Sustainability Action Gap: How AI and Climate Legislation Are Shaping the Net-Zero Future

In today’s fast-paced business landscape, accurate and efficient reporting is essential, particularly in sustainability and carbon management. According to Gartner, companies that implement unified data platforms and enhance their reporting capabilities can see up to a 20% improvement in productivity and decision-making efficiency. 

These organizations are more agile in responding to regulatory changes and market dynamics, allowing them to maintain a competitive edge in a rapidly evolving market.

That is why we have built Carbmee Studio—designed to address the challenges faced by businesses that need more flexibility, speed, and autonomy in their reporting processes. Carbmee Studio allows users to not only access pre-defined reports but also create AI-powered customizations effortlessly, ensuring that their insights are tailored to the specific needs of their organization.

At Carbmee, we pride ourselves on listening closely to our customers. One of the most frequent requests we’ve heard is for more customizable reporting tools. Many businesses find themselves relying heavily on external teams, limiting their ability to act quickly. With Studio, we’ve solved this pain point by giving you full control over how you generate, view, and analyze your data.

Are you, like many of our customers, looking for greater flexibility and faster turnaround times in your sustainability reporting? Studio was built with that exact challenge in mind.

Why Carbmee Studio? Listening to Customer Needs

Custom Reports in Minutes:
Whether you need quick access to a pre-defined report or want to create a completely new AI-powered one, Studio makes it simple. Our intuitive interface allows you to build tailored reports with ease, based on your company’s unique data and structure.

AI-Driven Insights:
 Harness the power of artificial intelligence to create dynamic insights by simply providing prompts.

Tailored to Your Business Needs: Carbmee Studio gives you the flexibility to address specific use cases, whether it's CSRD Reporting, CBAM Cost Forecasts, or EcoDesign Dashboards. Studio ensures that every report is customized to fit your goals.

McKinsey’s research emphasizes that organizations with integrated data sources are better positioned to make informed decisions. 

Carbmee Studio unifies your greenhouse gas (GHG) data with additional inputs like cost analysis, allowing for deeper insights and more strategic decision-making. The transactional data model helps businesses tackle complex issues like carbon accounting, scenario analysis, and supply chain emissions management—all from a single platform.

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, sustainable decision-making is no longer optional—it's essential. Companies are under increasing pressure from regulators, stakeholders, and consumers to reduce their environmental impact while maintaining profitability. According to a report by the World Economic Forum, companies that integrate sustainability into their decision-making processes outperform their peers in terms of both operational efficiency and long-term value creation.

Carbmee Studio is designed with this in mind. By enabling businesses to seamlessly integrate carbon data with cost and operational insights, Studio ensures that sustainability is not just a checkbox—it’s embedded into every critical decision. Whether you’re evaluating a new product’s lifecycle impact or adjusting your supply chain to minimize emissions, Studio equips you with the data and tools needed to make informed, sustainable choices. With accurate, real-time insights at your fingertips, your company can confidently move toward sustainability goals while enhancing overall business performance.

From procurement to sustainability, R&D, Finance to tax, Carbmee Studio is built to serve various business functions. Whether you need to evaluate your supply chain’s data quality or assess emissions reduction strategies, Studio provides the tools to make data-driven decisions quickly and effectively.

The future of carbon management requires flexibility, speed, and precision. Carbmee Studio not only enhances your reporting capabilities but also allows your business to stay ahead of ever-evolving sustainability requirements. By enabling users to customize reports without the need for external teams, Studio accelerates your path to meeting sustainability goals—on your terms.

Go beyond traditional reporting—rely on our comprehensive solution designed to simplify and optimize the way businesses handle carbon data. If you're ready to gain deeper insights and streamline your sustainability efforts, explore Studio and discover how it can transform your reporting process.

For more information on how Carbmee Studio can enhance your carbon management, schedule a demo with our decarbonization experts.

Discover how Carbmee Studio revolutionizes carbon management with AI-driven insights and customizable reporting. Built in response to customer feedback, Studio empowers businesses to make faster, more sustainable decisions, seamlessly integrating carbon data with operational insights for maximum impact.

Introducing Carbmee Studio: Transforming Carbon Reporting with Customization and AI-Powered Insights

Traditional ESG tools and estimation-based approaches fail to provide the accuracy, scalability, and automation needed for effective CO₂ management. 

Carbmee’s Carbontology uses a transactional data model. It combines real-time ERP and supply chain data. This helps track emissions accurately, meet regulations, and provide useful insights.

Unlike fragmented, survey-based methods, this approach creates a single source of truth. This approach enables companies to move from assumptions to data-driven sustainability strategies.

Ontology-based data models are transforming enterprise software by providing a structured, semantic framework for managing complex information. An ontology defines the relationships between different data entities, ensuring seamless integration, interoperability, and contextual understanding across systems. 

Unlike traditional databases, which store data in isolated tables, an ontology maps how entities interact in a real-world environment. This allows for more accurate, scalable, and automated decision-making.

When applied to CO2 management, an ontology creates a unified model of an organization’s emissions landscape.

This is essential in an era where supply chains are becoming more complex, regulatory requirements are tightening, and businesses need precise carbon tracking to meet sustainability goals.

Understanding Ontologies in Enterprise Data

A strong ontology isn't just about structuring emissions data. It’s about ensuring that emissions models accurately reflect real-world complexity and drive decision-making. The biggest challenge in carbon management today is that most solutions rely on overly simplified models. These fail to capture how emissions truly behave across supply chains.

Traditional carbon tracking methods, like spend-based models, static LCAs, and supplier surveys, have common issues. They often lack the accuracy, automation, and scalability needed for effective CO₂ management.

Spend-based models assume that cost equal emissions. They ignore how materials are sourced, how energy-intensive the production process is, or whether suppliers use renewable energy.

Static LCAs only provide a one-time snapshot. They cannot be used to provide a live, continuously improving model that adapts as suppliers, materials, and regulations change.

Survey-based methods depend on supplier-reported data. This is often inconsistent, non-standardized, and prone to missing key emissions sources.

As a result, companies using these methods end up with fragmented, unreliable emissions data. This leads to poor decision-making, compliance risks, and higher costs from default values, such as CBAM penalties.

Why a Well-Designed Ontology is Essential for CO₂ Management

Does your software partner check all the boxes? Download our free checklist Essential Considerations for Selecting a CO₂ Management Software-Partner: Data Depth & Ontology

Free Download: Checklist for Software Selection 

A well-designed ontology isn’t just a data model. It is a framework that makes emissions tracking accurate, automated, and actionable. 

To achieve this, an effective ontology must:

Accurately Represent Real-World Business Entities

A supplier is more than just a name in a database. It connects to materials, production sites, transportation routes, and real-time emissions data.

A product is more than just an emissions factor. It changes as suppliers evolve, new materials come in, and regulations change.

A strong ontology must adapt dynamically as supply chain conditions evolve—not force companies into static reporting structures.

Example: When a supplier switches to low-carbon steel, the system automatically updates emissions calculations across affected products without manual intervention.

Integrate with Enterprise Systems for Live, Trusted Data

If emissions tracking isn’t embedded into real business workflows, it’s just compliance reporting—not actionable intelligence.

The ontology must ingest procurement data, supplier updates, and operational changes in real time, ensuring carbon data is always current and decision-ready.

The Carbontology isn’t just an ontology—it’s a transactional, self-improving CO₂ management system.

It structures emissions data relationally, ensuring that as suppliers, materials, and energy sources change, emissions calculations automatically adjust.

It eliminates manual data collection bottlenecks by connecting directly with ERP, procurement, and logistics systems.

It turns emissions data into a real-time tool for decision-making. This helps companies choose better suppliers, improve product design, and lower regulatory costs.

Most carbon tracking tools treat emissions as an afterthought. They are separate systems that need manual updates. These systems often fall behind real changes in the supply chain.

The Carbontology ensures emissions tracking moves at the speed of business.

How Carbontology Enables True Carbon Intelligence

Managing CO2 emissions in enterprises is highly complex. 

Data comes from various sources: ERP, SRM, PLM, MES, or modern data platforms. 

These data sets are often structurally inconsistent, fragmented, and lack semantic interconnection. The Carbontology addresses these challenges by creating a transactional data foundation that standardizes data from different systems and maps it relationally.

Carbmee’s data model is based on core objects that represent the entire value chain of a company:

Structured or unstructured data like BOM (Bill of Materials), Material Descriptions or Energy Bills are not standalone objects but provide contextual input into the ontology. This enhances its semantic structure for better data organization and analysis.

The Building Blocks and Relationships of the Carbontology

Beyond the data model, the Carbontology provides a structured execution workflow for carbon management. This means that:

Business logic is embedded within the ontology, ensuring that emissions data flows correctly across systems and departments

Automated workflows enable seamless data validation, enrichment, and transformation.

Regulatory compliance mechanisms ensure that reporting aligns with frameworks like CSRD, EUDR, and CBAM.

The Carbontology is more than a static data structure: it allows dynamic customization through Custom Fields, which can capture specific regulatory requirements or company-specific metrics. Integration with external emission reference databases such as Ecoinvent, Exiobase, and CBAM ensures scientifically validated emissions calculations. Continuous enrichment with carbmee’s proprietary database and real supply chain data provides an increasingly accurate representation of real-world emissions data.

To further enhance automation and scalability, the Carbontology supports data orchestration across multiple sources. This ensures that:

Data ingestion, transformation, and reporting are automated and consistent.

Workflows dynamically adjust to regulatory updates and operational changes.

Stakeholders receive real-time insights into emissions reduction opportunities.

Extensibility, Semantic Intelligence, and Orchestration

The next evolution of CO2 management is leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for enhanced analytics and decision-making. A dedicated LLM Layer can be integrated with the Carbontology, enabling:

Automated insights and anomaly detection across emissions data.

Intelligent recommendations for reduction strategies based on historical trends.